Monday, November 13, 2017

Direct objects and indirect objects in spanish

Direct objects Nouns will have WHO and WHAT?

For example WHO is bring and WHAT they are bringing.

Here are few examples :
1) Max brings the Phone to his Mom.

Who is bringing the Phone?
Ans : Max is bringing the phone.

What is he bringing to his Mom?
He is bringing the Phone.

Here are few more examples :

2) My husband brings me flowers.
3) I see you.
4) Julie see Marie.
5) Patrick rides the Horse.

In the above questions,
The Subjects are Max, My husband, I, Julie, Patrick.
The objects are PHONE, FLOWERS, YOU, MARIE, HORSE.

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Now lets learn about Direct object pronoun.

Instead of telling directly who and what they are bringing, we will use It, he, she, them like that.

1) Max brings the Phone to his Mom = It.
Max brings it to his Mom.

2) My husband brings me flowers  = Them
My husband brings me them.

3) I see you.
I see you.

4) Julie see Marie = Her
Julie sees her

5) Patrick rides the Horse = It.
Patrick rides it.

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Now let's learn in español.



En español

Me- me 
Te- you
Lo, la- it/ him/ her (singular)
Nos- us  
Os- you 
Los, las- them (Plural)

1) Max brings the phone.
Max brings it (el teléfono– masculine– lo)
Max lo trae.

2) My husband brings flowers.
My husband brings them. (las flores-feminine, plural-las.)
Mon marido las trae.

3) You see her.
Tú la ves.

Note that the pronoun goes IN FRONT OF THE CONJUGATED VERB.

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Indirect Object Pronouns are which answer the question- to/ for whom?

For example :
My husband brings me flowers. For whom? –me

He gives the gift to you. To whom? you?


En español
Me-  to/for me 
Te- to/ for you
Le- to/ for him/ her/ you formal
Nos- to/ for us
 Os- to /for you 
Les- to/ for them/ you all

My husband brings me flowers. For whom? –me
My esposo me trae las flores.

She gives the gift to you.
Ella te da el regalo.

Note- the indirect object pronoun goes in front of the verb.

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Using both together, If a sentence has an indirect object pronoun and a direct object pronoun- the indirect object comes first! (an I looks like a 1)

Mi esposo me las trae. My husband brings me them.
(if you use le or les with lo/la/los/las- the le or les changes to se).

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Monday, October 16, 2017

Simple Past tense - How irregular verbs conjugation works.

Spanish verbs that undergo a spelling change in the preterite fall into two main groups, both of which we'll talk about in more depth below.

Group 1: -car-gar, and -zar Verbs

The first-person singular (yo) endings of these verbs undergo the following changes:
Verb TypeChangeExample
Bus-carc changes to qu
busqué
 
Car-garg changes to gu
cargué
 
Almor-zarz changes to c
almorcé
 

Conjugation Examples

Here is an example of the full preterite tense conjugation for each type of verb.

SubjectBus-car ConjugationJu-gar ConjugationCru-zar Conjugation
yo
busqué
 
jugué
 
crucé
 
buscaste
 
jugaste
 
cruzaste
 
él, ella, usted
buscó
 
jugó
 
cruzó
 
nosotros
buscamos
 
jugamos
 
cruzamos
 
vosotros
buscasteis
 
jugasteis
 
cruzasteis
 
ellos, ellas, ustedes
buscaron
 
jugaron
 
cruzaron

Common -car-gar, and -zar Verbs

Here is a list of some common -car-gar, and -zar verbs you're likely to hear.
-car Verbs-gar Verbs-zar Verbs
acercar
 
agregar
 
abrazar
 
educar
 
apagar
 
gozar
 
aparcar
 
cargar
 
almorzar
 
atacar
 
castigar
 
lanzar
 
pecar
 
conjugar
 
aterrorizar
 
roncar
 
llegar
 
memorizar
 
empacar
 
negar
 
comenzar
 
buscar
 
pagar
 
danzar
 
colocar
 
pegar
 
rezar
 
edificar
 
enjuagar
 
organizar
 
sacar
 
fregar
 
tropezar
 
tocar
 
averiguar
 
destrozar
 
marcar
 
ligar

Group 2: -caer-eer-oer-oír, and -uir Verbs

The third person singular, third person plural, and second person formal singular endings of these verbs all undergo the same change.
SubjectChangeExample
Third person singular (él, ella)i changes to y
leyó
 
Third person plural (ellos, ellas)i changes to y
leyeron
 
Second person formal singular (usted)i changes to y
leyó
 

Conjugation Examples

Here is an example of the full preterite tense conjugation for each type of verb.

Preterite Conjugations for Caer and Leer

SubjectCaer ConjugationLeer Conjugation
yo
caí
 
leí
 
caíste
 
leíste
 
él, ella, usted
cayó
 
leyó
 
nosotros
caímos
 
leímos
 
vosotros
caísteis
 
leísteis
 
ellos, ellas, ustedes
cayeron
 
leyeron
 

Preterite Conjugations for RoerOír, and Concluir

SubjectRoer ConjugationOír ConjugationConcluir Conjugation
yo
roí
 
 
concluí
 
roíste
 
oíste
 
concluíste
 
él, ella, usted
royó
 
oyó
 
concluyó
 
nosotros
roímos
 
oímos
 
concluímos
 
vosotros
roísteis
 
oísteis
 
concluísteis
 
ellos, ellas, ustedes
royeron
 
oyeron
 
concluyeron
 

Common -caer, -eer, -oer, -oír, and -uír Verbs

Here is a list of some common -caer-eer-oer-oír, and -uír verbs you're likely to hear.
-caer Verbs-eer Verbs-oer Verbs-oír Verbs-uir Verbs
decaer
 
creer
 
corroer
 
entreoír
 
atribuir
 
recaer
 
poseer
 
distribuir
 
proveer
 
construir
 
releer
 
diluir
 
incluir
 
influir
 
disminuir
 
destituir
 
huir
 
contribuir
 
recluir